Why Training to HRmax is not good for you
Training is and achieving results is much harder than what some people might think. Training is not about having to spill your guts everytime you go to the gym.
I have a couple of CrossFitters friends in Facebook and they brag everyday on how hard their WOD was, and how they all most puked or how one of their friends did. I admire their motivation and enthusiasm, but training that hard won’t get you anywhere but the hospital.
Today I wanted to share with you something my mentor Scott Sonnon wrote on his facebook page, which I hope you all learn from. It explain why training to HRmax is not good for you and your results. Enjoy the post.
Tim Noakes, MD (Lore of Running, 1991, p39-40): “For reasons that are not absolutely clear, it is not possible to run at 100% VO2 maximum for more than a few minutes. This concept has been most clearly researched by C.T.M. Davies and Thompson (1979), two eminent British physiologists who found that trained athletes could maintain an average of 94% (range: 89 to 100%) of the VO2 max values for a 5-km race, 82% range… for the standard marathon, and 67% range… for the 85-km London-to-Brighton race.”
How long is it safe to attempt to exercise at HRmax? Some assure that you cannot injure a heart that is normally functioning through through one intense bout of exertion. However, a heart which is impaired with blockage can suffer ischemia; possibly sufficient enough to cause heart tissue death (heart attack). A heart rate that stays elevated for 10 minutes post exercise can mean several things. It can be a sign of low fitness levels and low stroke volume (CO=HrxSV), it can almost mean poor parasympathetic tone and lack of the nervous systems ability to down regulate hear rate. If your HR stays elevated for long durations post exercise, see your physician about getting a nuclear stress test done. Bradycardia with rapid tachicardic response – meaning your HR goes down so far the electrical system in your heart gets shorted and starts to make extra beats. Tachycardia is a deadly arrhythmia. This will not be noticed unless you are resting, not while you are exercising or immediately after (often called “athletic cardiomyopathy.”) According to the ACSM, in 1995 there were 100 cardiac related deaths among high school and college athletes during or shortly after a workout; each related to either congenital defect or infection of the heart muscle (with no incidence of cardiomyopathy).
It is the issue of parasympathetic regulation (or the “relaxation response”) which is the issue with heart rate maximum (HRmax) events. When you rapidly approach, maintain and exceed HRmax, the sympathetic nervous system begins to move from a slow drip (at moderate intensity) to a fast dump (at high intensity) of a biochemical cocktail, including but not limited to “adrenaline” (epinephrine). When this supercharged fuel enters your bloodstream, you are able to tap into heights of human performance. But, when you rapidly approach, maintain and exceed HRmax, the sympathetic nervous system assumes a lethal threat (as it cannot differentiate between an emotional / symbolic threat – such as the will to succeed – and a true physical pernicious predator chasing you down meaning you grave bodily harm.)
Unfortunately, you cannot adapt to anything exceeding HRmax, as it is purely a “chemical burn.” Therefore, above HRmax, it’s all garbage repetition. As an athlete, you need to walk the line the more elite your competitive aspirations. Often you cross it. But it isn’t how fast, often or far you cross the line, but how fast, often and far you can RECOVER back from it. Why? Because only as you return to approximately 60-80%HRmax (moderate intensity) do you regain access to your fine and complex motor skills, as well as full cognitive function.
Fighters, Survivors, Combatants and First Responders who face sudden mortal threats experience what they refer to as “Adrenal Dump” which causes a host of psychotropic phenomena: tunnel vision, auditory exclusion, short term memory loss, tachipsychia (time distortion), fumbling, trembling, chattering, etc. These are all due to the sympathetic nervous system’s “fight or flight” reflex over-reacting from the Dump rather than the Drip. Recovering FROM that requires reactivating the parasympathetic nervous system’s “relaxation and recuperation response” through vibration drills, mental imagery, performance mantras, psychological suggestions, breathing techniques, etc. If the parasympathetic response is impaired, then the sympathetic nervous system runs amok, and eventually cannibalizes the host through stress-related diseases (which is why the #1 killer of soldiers, firefighters and police is stress related heart disease at on average age of 54.)
Who recovers fastest wins, and lives the longest. So instead of focusing on how long one can stay in HRmax, concentrate on how fast you can recover back to moderate from high intensity exercise during the rest period breaks.
Lastly, HRmax is NOT 220-age. That was an outdated guestimate from a flawed study. It’s an easy go-to quick-math, but even more accurate formulae such as 205.8-(0.69 x age) are inaccurate because your HRmax changes dramatically from day to day, based upon your level of recovery from prior stress, load of current (emotional, mental, and physical) stress, nutrition, hydration, altitude, barometric pressure, chemical exposure, electromagnetic disturbance, etc. The only way to truly know your HRmax is through expensive machines such as the “OmegaWave.” But regardless of HRmax, it is not the time “at” it, but the speed of recovery from it which determine one’s true “fitness” in light of the above definition of sympathetic vs parasympathetic balance.








